Obesidad y enfermedades respiratorias, asma bronquial

Resumen

En los últimos 30 años la obesidad se ha convertido en una epidemia en la mayoría de los países del mundo, y Latinoamérica no se escapa de ello. Con una alta incidencia y prevalencia se ha asociado a morbilidades cardiorrespiratorias y metabólicas como la hipertensión arterial, apnea obstructiva de sueño, síndrome de hipoventilación-obesidad y asma bronquial, alterándose consecuentemente el curso de esta enfermedad y las respuestas terapéuticas a los tratamientos convencionales.

Hoy día, la obesidad se considera como un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de asma bronquial y, además, se toma como un factor capaz de alterar el curso de la enfermedad y la función pulmonar, con pobres respuestas terapéuticas. Esto, sobre todo en infantes y adolescentes que, al llegar a la pubertad, continúan aumentado su índice de masa corporal (IMC). Los pacientes con esta condición se presentan en muchos casos con factores desencadenantes de asma bronquial no atópica. Por ello, hemos asumido la responsabilidad de explicar de manera detallada la fisiopatología y las respuestas inmuno-metabólicas que se producen en ambas entidades.

Abstract

In the last 30 years, obesity has become an epidemic in most countries around the world, and Latin America is no exception. With high incidence and prevalence, it has been associated with cardiorespiratory and metabolic morbidities such as hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, obesity-hypoventilation syndrome, and bronchial asthma, consequently altering the course of this disease and the therapeutic responses to conventional treatments.

Today, obesity is considered a risk factor for the development of bronchial asthma and is also seen as a factor capable of altering the course of the disease and lung function, with poor therapeutic responses. This is particularly evident in children and adolescents who, upon reaching puberty, continue to increase their body mass index (BMI). Patients with this condition often present with triggers of non-atopic bronchial asthma. Therefore, we have taken on the responsibility of providing a detailed explanation of the pathophysiology and the immuno-metabolic responses that occur in both
conditions.

Abstract

In the last 30 years, obesity has become an epidemic in most countries around the world, and Latin America is no exception. With high incidence and prevalence, it has been associated with cardiorespiratory and metabolic morbidities such as hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, obesity-hypoventilation syndrome, and bronchial asthma, consequently altering the course of this disease and the therapeutic responses to conventional treatments.

Today, obesity is considered a risk factor for the development of bronchial asthma and is also seen as a factor capable of altering the course of the disease and lung function, with poor therapeutic responses. This is particularly evident in children and adolescents who, upon reaching puberty, continue to increase their body mass index (BMI). Patients with this condition often present with triggers of non-atopic bronchial asthma. Therefore, we have taken on the responsibility of providing a detailed explanation of the pathophysiology and the immuno-metabolic responses that occur in both
conditions.